#What producers use logic series#

#What producers use logic series#

CMOS uses complementary (both n-channel and p-channel) MOSFET devices to achieve a high speed with low power dissipation.ДЇor small-scale logic, designers now use prefabricated logic gates from families of devices such as the TTL 7400 series by Texas Instruments, the CMOS 4000 series by RCA, and their more recent descendants. To reduce power consumption still further, most contemporary chip implementations of digital systems now use CMOS logic. As integrated circuits became more complex, bipolar transistors were replaced with smaller field-effect transistors ( MOSFETs) see PMOS and NMOS. TransistorвЂ“transistor logic (TTL) then supplanted DTL. For higher speed and better density, the resistors used in RTL were replaced by diodes resulting in diodeвЂ“transistor logic (DTL). RTL gates were used in early integrated circuits. Unlike simple diode logic gates (which do not have a gain element), RTL gates can be cascaded indefinitely to produce more complex logic functions. The simplest family of logic gates uses bipolar transistors, and is called resistorвЂ“transistor logic (RTL).

In reversible logic, Toffoli gates are used.ДЄ functionally complete logic system may be composed of relays, valves (vacuum tubes), or transistors. In modern practice, most gates are made from MOSFETs (metalвЂ“oxideвЂ“semiconductor field-effect transistors).Д¬ompound logic gates AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) are often employed in circuit design because their construction using MOSFETs is simpler and more efficient than the sum of the individual gates. Logic circuits include such devices as multiplexers, registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and computer memory, all the way up through complete microprocessors, which may contain more than 100 million gates. With amplification, logic gates can be cascaded in the same way that Boolean functions can be composed, allowing the construction of a physical model of all of Boolean logic, and therefore, all of the algorithms and mathematics that can be described with Boolean logic. Logic gates are primarily implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches, but can also be constructed using vacuum tubes, electromagnetic relays ( relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has for instance zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device (see Ideal and real op-amps for comparison). For discrete TTL logic, see TransistorвЂ“transistor logic.ДЄ logic gate is an idealized model of computation or physical electronic device implementing a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output. For discrete circuitry, see Discrete circuit.